“人类命运共同体”对世界政府理念的超越

The Transcendence of Human Destiny Community over World Government Idea

随着全球公共问题的日益凸显,在全球化时代推进全球治理的背景下,建立"世界政府"的讨论变得热烈起来。近十年来,受全球经济一体化的驱使,核武器扩散的威胁以及美国霸权对世界国家的示范,国际关系学界对"世界政府"的关注正在逐渐升温。该文通过回顾世界政府理念的发展历程,并分析不同时代国际组织对这一思想的实践情况,对世界政府的未来发展前景作出评价。在现阶段,"世界政府"与其说是一种政治机制安排,不如说是一种治理理念。它主要着眼于全球问题,实现世界范围内的良治。建立世界政府并不意味着就一定要拆除或解散原有的民族国家体制,它可以是主权国家的有机补充,也可以是各主权国家在应对某一跨国问题上的整合,以避免陷入"集体行动的困境"。

Discussion on world government is steadily increasing in number in the context of globalizationand global governance with the emergence of global public issues. The last decade has witnessedaremarkable resurgence in rigorous thought on world government by scholars of international relations, whichis prompted variously by global economic integration, the persistence of the nuclear weapons threat andaUS hegemony that ostensibly functions as a form of world state. The essay evaluates the future of worldgovernment after summarizing the development process of world government as well as analyzing itspractice in a wide array of international organizations at different times. To be sure, “world government” isnot so much a political institution as to a governance idea at this stage, which mainly aims at public issuesto realizech good governance. To establish world government is not equivalent to the eradication ordissolution of nation states.On the contrary, it can be a supplement to sovereign countries as well asintegrative activities by several countries on specific transnational issues to overcome the dilemma ofcollective action.