保定地区儿童呼吸道感染病毒检测分析

Detecting and Analysis about the Viral Pathogen in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection in Baoding

目的了解保定地区儿童呼吸道病原体的感染情况并进行流行病学分析。方法选取我院儿科住院呼吸道感染患儿2084例,使用直接免疫荧光法(Direct immunofluorescence,DFA)对鼻咽部分泌物标本中的七项呼吸道病毒进行定性检测。结果 2084例患儿中,七项呼吸道病毒抗原检出至少一种为阳性的患儿353例,感染率为16.9%,其中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)阳性检出率最高为7.0%;男女检出率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.064,P>0.05);各年龄组呼吸道病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=54.32,P<0.01),婴儿组和幼儿组病原体感染阳性检出率较其他年龄组高;各季节间呼吸道病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=69.8,P<0.01),在四个季节当中,冬季病毒阳性率较高为28.3%,其次为秋季。结论儿童呼吸道病毒感染阳性检出率呈现一定地区性、季节性和年龄性。RSV是保定地区儿童呼吸道病毒感染的首要病原体。秋冬季以及婴幼儿尤其应注重预防。

Objective To investigate the infection and the epidemiological analysis of Children with respiratory tract infection in Baoding. Method Nasopharyngeal secretions of 2084 cases of respiratory tract infection pediatric patients in my hospital were detected by direct immunofluorescence（DIF） in seven respiratory virus detection. Results 353 cases were positive with at least one of the seven viruses from 2084 children, and the total positive rate is 16.9%,in which RSV had the highest positive rate（7.0%）; there was no statistically significant difference between male and female detection rates（χ^2=0.064, P〉0.05）; of differences of viruses infection rate in each age groups are sig-nificant（χ^2=54.32, P〈0.01）, the positive rate was higher in baby and infants group;there are obvious seasonal differences in respiratory tract virus infection（χ^2=69.8, P〈0.01）, the positive rate was higher in winter（28.3%）and followed by autumn. Conclusion The incidence of the infections caused by the respiratory tract pathogens vary in the area, seasons and age. The respiratory syncytial virus is the most common pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in the children in the Baoding area. It is necessary to focus on the prevention of infection in winter, autumn, baby and infant.