老年阿尔茨海默病患者营养状况与照护者自我效能的相关性

Correlation of nutritional status in elderly patients with Alzheimer disease and serf-efficacy of their caregivers

目的 研究老年阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者营养状况与其照护者自我效能的相关性.方法 选取2017年3至10月间北京协和医院的老年AD患者及其照护者各92例,分别应用微型营养评定短表（MNA-SF）和自我效能量表（GSES）评价AD患者营养状况和照护者自我效能,并分析相关性.结果 老年AD患者MNA-SF评分为（7.8±2.5）分,营养不良风险发生率及营养不良发生率分别为34.8％和27.2％.随AD程度加重,MNA-SF评分降低（F=4.589,P=0.009）,营养不良风险（x^2 =7.319,P=0.026）和营养不良（x^2=7.080,P=0.032）发生率均增高.照护者自我效能评分为（2.20±0.45）分.随AD程度加重,照护者GSES评分降低（F=3.122,P=0.016）.患者营养状况与照护者自我效能呈正相关（r=0.254,P=0.022）.结论 老年AD患者营养状况与照护者自我效能呈正相关,照护者自我效能越高,老年AD患者营养状况越好.

Objective To investigate the correlation between nutritional status in elderly patients with Alzheimer disease （AD） and self-efficacy of their caregivers.Methods Ninety-two elderly patients with AD and 92 their caregivers were enrolled from a Peking Union Medical College in Beijing from March to October 2017,who were evaluated by the mini nutritional assessment short form （MNA-SF） and the general self-efficacy scale （GSES） respectively for the nutritional status of the AD patients and the self-efficacy of their caregivers,and the correlation between them was analyzed.Results The average MNA-SF score of the AD patients was 7.8± 2.5.The incidence of malnutrition risk and malnutrition were 34.8% and 27.2% respectively.The MNA-SF score of the AD patients decreased （F =4.589,P =0.009）,and the incidence of malnutrition risk （x2 =7.319,P =0.026） and malnutrition （x2 =7.080,P =0.032） increased significantly with the aggravation of AD.The average self-efficacy score of the caregivers was 2.20±0.45.With the aggravation of AD,the GSES score of the caregivers decreased significantly （F=3.122,P=0.016）.There was a positive correlation between the nutritional status of the AD patients and the self-efficacy of their caregivers （r =0.254,P =0.022）.Conclusion The nutritional status in elderly patients with AD is positively correlated with the self-efficacy of their caregivers,that is,the higher GSES score of the caregiver is,the better nutritional status of the AD patient has.