抗战时期福建平潭基层保甲制度的困境浅析

A Brief Analysis of the Plight of Pingtan's Grassroots Baojia Protection System in Fujian during the War of Resistance against Japan

民国时期,政府试图通过传统的保甲制度控制基层社会,但收效甚微。福建平潭传统的宗族和士绅等社会力量,通过组建自卫民团、兴办公共事业,与保甲制度形成某种程度的对立。其推行兵役工作的困境也是保甲制度在基层实施的困境,反映了传统社会势力在应对国家权力的渗透时所表现出的具体反应。为了支持抗战,平潭县府加大了对基层资源的征收。繁重的田赋兵役与民众的生存困境发生激烈碰撞,致使保甲制度的运行举步维艰。

During the Republic of China, the government tried to control the basic society through the traditional system of Baojia, but with little effect. The traditional clan, gentry and other social forces in Pingtan, Fujian Province, set up self-defense militia and set up public utilities, which were opposed to Baojia system to some extent. The dilemma of carrying out military service is also the dilemma of carrying out Baojia system at the grass-roots level, which reflects the concrete reaction of traditional social forces when dealing with the infiltration of state power. In order to support the anti-Japanese war,Pingtan county government increased the collection of grass-roots resources. The heavy land-duty military service collided with the people's survival predicament, which made the operation of Baojia system difficult.