在幻想与现实中追求理想的思想家陀思妥耶夫斯基——以小说《一个荒唐人的梦》为个案研究

Dostoevsky, a Thinker Pursuing the Ideal between Fantasy and Reality: A Case Study of the Novel The Dream of a Ridiculous Man

陀思妥耶夫斯基的幻想小说《一个荒唐人的梦》是作家社会理想、宗教理想、世界图景理想的集中表达。作家运用乌托邦文学的架构说出了自己的最高理想,而乌托邦精神的根基是深深地植根于现实的,幻想和现实的结合给了理想一个走上舞台的机会,理想虽难以企及,但却是济世良药。俄国知识分子的使命感和责任感在这篇短小的作品中充分展现出来,高昂的理想主义色彩一扫地下室的阴暗,思想家陀思妥耶夫斯基的光芒透过彼得堡冬季夜晚的寒冷和黑暗温暖了读者和作家本人。

Dostoevsky＇s fantasy novel, The Dream of a Ridiculous Man, is a concentrated expression of the writer＇s social ideals, religious ideals, and world ideals. The writer uses Utopian literature to state his highest ideal, and the root of Utopia＇s spirit is deeply rooted in reality. The combination of fantasy and reality gives the ideal an opportunity to step onto the stage. Although the ideal is unattainable, it is a good medicine. The sense of mission and responsibility of Russian intellectuals was fully demonstrated in this short story. High idealism swept away the darkness of the basement. The light of the thinker Dostoevsky passed through the cold and darkness of Petersburg＇s winter nights and warmed readers and writers themselves.