云南哈尼梯田红米地方品种遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Red Rice from Hani's Terraced Fields in Yunnan Province

云南元阳哈尼梯田有丰富的水稻品种,特别是红米资源。本研究利用均匀分布于水稻基因组的100对简单序列重复(SSR)标记分析元阳哈尼梯田60份红米地方品种遗传多样性。100对SSR引物共扩增条带477个,平均每对引物扩增4.770个条带;有效等位基因数(Ne)从1.035～6.000,平均为2.518;香农多样性指数(I)为0.086～1.912,平均为1.016;多态性信息含量(PIC)范围为0.064～0.838,平均为0.519;基因杂合度(H)从0到0.950,平均为0.167;聚类分析可将60个红米品种分为两大类,第一类为籼稻亚种,包括57个水稻品种,第二类只有3个品种,为粳稻亚种。研究表明云南哈尼梯田水稻红米品种具有丰富的遗传多样性。

There are abundant rice landraces in Hani＇s terraces fields of Yunnan, especially red rice resources. A set of 60 red rice landraces were characterized using 100 simple sequence repeat（SSR） markers to study genetic diversity. A total of 477 fragments were amplified, averaging 4.770 alleles per primer pair. Effective number of alleles（Ne） ranged from 1.035 to 6.000 with an average of 2.518. Shannon＇s information index（I） ranged from 0.086 to 1.912 with an average of 1.016. The polymorphism information content（PIC） ranged from 0.064 to 0.838 with an average of 0.519. Heterozygosity（H） was estimated as 0.167. Cluster analysis showed that all genotypes grouped into two major clusters. Subspecies of indica rice clusters included 57 rice landraces as main rice cultivation types. Subspecies of japonica only contained 3 rice landraces. The results showed that these rice landraces had a wide genetic diversity.