晋北地区不同苦荞品种产量和品质研究

Research on the Yield and Quality of Different Tartaty Buckwheat Varieties in Northern Shanxi Area

为筛选适宜晋北地区种植的高产优质专用苦荞品种和探明产量与营养品质的内在关系,以14个苦荞品种为材料,比较不同苦荞品种农艺性状、产量及主要营养品质的差异。结果表明:产量最高的4个苦荞品种分别为云荞2号、晋苦荞2号、西荞5号和晋苦荞6号,比平均产量分别高25.5%、23.6%、15.3%、12.2%;产量与单株粒数、千粒重、主茎节数和分枝数均呈显著正相关(P<0.05);产量与淀粉、蛋白质含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与黄酮含量呈不显著负相关(r=-0.227);产量较高的云荞2号和羊坪早熟荞的品质较差,而蛋白质含量最高和黄酮含量最高的品种产量处于中等偏下水平。综合产量和品质结果,晋苦荞2号产量处于较高水平,蛋白质产量和黄酮产量均处于最高水平,是兼顾高产与优质的适宜在当地推广种植的品种。

To screen the intrinsic relationship between the high-yield and good-quality tartary buckwheat varieties in the Northern Shanxi area and to explore the inner links between yield and nutrient quality, 14 varieties were used as materials to analyze the differences of agronomic traits, yield and major quality traits. The results showed that the top four varieties were Yunqiao No.2, Jinkuqiao No.2, Xiqiao No.5 and Jinkuqiao No.6, which increased by 25.5%, 23.6%, 15.3% and 12.2% higher than the average yield of the fourteen varieties, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation（P〈0.05） between yield and grain numbers per plant, 1000-grain weight, the number of stem node and the number of branches. There was a significant positive correlation（P〈0.05） between yield and protein and starch content. There was no significant（r=-0.227） and negative correlation between yield and flavones content. The varieties with relatively higher yield（Yunqiao No.2 and Yangpingzaoshuqiao） were of relatively lower quality, while the varieties with the highest protein and flavones content were at relatively lower yield. The results of comprehensive analyze of the yield and quality showed that Jinkuqiao No.2 achieved the relatively higher level of yield and the highest level of protein yield and flavones yield. It is a variety with high yield and good quality suitable for cultivation in the Northern Shanxi area.