推动社会工作精准介入反贫困实践

On Promoting Social Work to be Part of the Efforts in the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Practice

我国实施精准扶贫方略取得了巨大成就,但是打赢脱贫攻坚战依然任重道远。针对我国当前贫困"存量"与"增量"的严峻形势及行政动员式反贫困存在的各种先天性不足,社会工作等专业力量、社会力量介入反贫困实践变得必要与迫切。社会工作作为一门助人的专业和职业,具有独特的助人理念、视角、方法、技术,并按科学的程序和标准开展工作,社会工作介入反贫困实践,与政府协同配合,对于打赢脱贫攻坚战,实现贫困地区、贫困人口的可持续发展具有重要的意义。基于社会工作过程模式与精准扶贫工作机制的内在一致性,针对当前我国反贫困形势的严峻性及存在的不足,社会工作可以精准介入对贫困户和贫困村的精准识别、精准帮扶、精准管理和精准考核的整个过程中。为此,政府需要在完善顶层设计、建立机构平台、推进多元合作、健全资金保障等方面加强配套建设。

China has achieved remarkable results in implementing the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation, but winning the battle of lifting people out of poverty is still a long way to go. In view of the severe situation of the ＂stock＂ and ＂increment＂ of poverty in China and the innate deficiency of the administrative mobilization against poverty, it is necessary and urgent for the social work and other pro- fessional or social forces to become part of the efforts in the practice of targeted poverty alleviation. As a profession and occupation concerned with helping others to enhance their wellbeing, social work has its own unique concepts, perspectives, methods and techniques for helping people and operates in accordance with the scientific procedures and standards. Thus with the social work sector joining the government in a concerted effort to fight poverty, it would be of great significance to winning the battle against poverty and achieving the sustainable development of the poor areas and poor population. Based on the internal consistency of the process model of social work and the working mechanism of targeted poverty alleviation, in view of the severity and deficiency of the current anti-poverty situation in China, the social work can get involved in the whole process of the targeted efforts, including targeted identification, targeted help, targeted management and targeted assessment of the poor households and poor villages. To this end, the government needs to strengthen the supporting construction in a set of aspects, including improvement of the top-level design, establishment of institutional platforms, promotion of diversified cooperation and improvement of fund security.