中国装备制造业国际分工地位及提升路径研究

An Analysis on the International Status and Upgrading Paths of China Equipment Manufacture Industry

利用基于产业前向联系的增加值出口比率与出口技术复杂度两个指标构建了新型的国际分工地位指数,比较分析了中国与美国、日本、德国装备制造业整体及分部门的国际分工地位,并运用SDA方法,分析了中国与其他国家装备制造业国际分工地位差距的来源。研究表明,中国装备制造业整体分工地位与美、日、德3国有较大差距,技术差距是主要差距来源。中国应以重点研发燃气轮机、各种类型的发动机及零附件等技术含量较高的产品,推动具有发展潜力的通用机械和专用机械制造部门"走出去",支持发展带动作用较强的汽车制造部门等为抓手,提升中国装备制造业整体的国际分工地位,实现装备制造业的产业升级。

This paper presents a new industry index of international status by combining forward-linkage ratio of value added to gross exports and export sophistication index.It compares the international status of China equipment manufacture industry in a whole and in part,with that of US,Japan and Germany,and analyzes the attribution to the gap of international status among China and other countries by means of SDA model. The results show that China bears a large gap with US,Japan and Germany in international status of equipment manufacture industry, and technology gap is the major source. It is suggested that R＆D in China,should focus on gas turbine,various engines,accessories,and other high-tech products,and encourage the general and special machinery with potentiality go globally. Supporting the development of leading sector such as motor vehicles,to promote the international status of China equipment manufacture industry,and finally to achieve industrial upgrading.