佛山市社区老年人主观认知功能下降现状及对阿尔茨海默病转归率的影响

Analysis on the Decline of the Subjective Cognitive Function of the Elderly in Foshan Community and the Impact on the Rate of Alzheimer's Disease

目的探究佛山市社区老年人主观认知功能下降现状及对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer Disease,AD)转归率的影响。方法 2016年3月—2017年3月从佛山市社区中选取年龄≥65岁的200例具有轻度认知功能障碍(Mild Cognitive Impairment,MCI)的老年人,同时从认知正常(Cognitive Normal,CN)的老年人中选取200例与轻度认知功能障碍匹配的老年人进行配对,对CN组和MCI组进行随访研究,每3个月随访一次,共随访4次。观察MCI组老年人的一般人口学资料、主观感受、慢性病史以及生活方式和人格特征,同时对CN组通过询问调查获取发病的时间和疾病的结局。采用SPSS 13. 0软件以及Log-rank检验和Cox回归对调查的结果进行分析。结果通过Logrank的检验可得,MCI组老年人转化为AD的危险性明显高于CN组;并且通过Cox的回归分析可得,高龄、高血脂、高血压、糖尿病以及焦虑、运动量少、内向、非乐群型等是MCI向AD转归的危险因素,脑力劳动力强、文化水平高、运动量适当是MCI向AD转归的保护因素(P <0. 05)。结论老年人主观认知功能障碍的患病率逐渐升高,并且患有MCI的老年人更容易向AD转归,应该长期监测患有MCI老年人。

Objective To explore the status of the decline of the subjective cognitive function of the elderly in Fos- haM comnmniU and the analysis of the impact on the rate of Alzheimer＇ s disease （AD）. Methods March 2016 to March 2017 selected from Foshan city- communiU in the age of more than 65 of the 200 patients with mild cognitive impairment （MCI） in the elderly, and from normal cognition （NC） of the elderly, and select 200 cases of older adults with mild cogni- tive impairment were paired, follow - up study- of NC group and MIC group, every three months for one there were 4 times. The general demographic data, subjective feelings, chronic medical history, lifestyle and personality characteristics of the eld- erly in MIC group were observed. Meanwhile, NC group was asked to investigate the time of onset and the outcome of dis ease. SPSS 13.0 software and log - rank test and Cox regression were used to analyze the results of the survey. Results Available through the log rank test, MCI group of elderly people into the risk of AD was significantly higher than NC group, and available through Cox regression analysis, age, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, anxiety, exercise less, introvert- ed, non gregarious type are risk factors of MCI to the AD outcome, mental labor intensity, high cultural level, appropriate amount of exercise is a protective factor for MCI to AD outcome （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of subjective cog nitive impairment in the elderly is increasing, and the elderly with MCI are more likely to return to AD, and the elderly with MCI should be monitored for a long time.