1000名大学生近视加深影响因素调查

Investigation on factors influencing deepening of nearsightedness in 1 000 college students

目的了解大学生视力变化情况并对其影响因素进行分析。方法采用横断面的方法对山西省大学城五所高校在校大学生进行问卷调查,将有效数据用SPSS 17.0进行单因素卡方检验和多因素logistics回归分析。结果视力下降的人数为478人,占调查总人数的48.23%,卡方检验的分析结果指出,影响视力下降的因素有医学专业(χ~2=149.95,P<0.01),体育锻炼时间少(χ~2=30.217,P<0.01),遗传因素(χ~2=25.771,P<0.01),经常熬夜用眼(χ~2=25.546,P<0.01),不正确的用眼姿势(χ~2=49.779,P<0.01),一次性用眼时间过长(χ~2=16.179,P<0.05)。大学生没有做眼保健操、不规范用眼和不定期检查视力的意识也与视力下降有关。结论对山西省大学城5所高校大学生视力调查显示:大学生存在视力下降的现象,且占调查总人数的48.23%。影响视力下降的因素包括遗传、长时间用眼、缺乏用眼卫生意识和体育锻炼时间少。

Objective To understand the changes of eyesight and analyze influencing factors in college students.Methods A total of 1000 college students in five universities of Shanxi Province were randomly selected by adopting the cross section sampling method and investigated by questionnaires.The valid data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 statistical software.Results The number of decreased visual acuity was 478,constituting 48.23% of the total valid number（991）.The influencing factors of vision decline included the medical professional（χ^2=149.95,P〈0.001）,lacking of exercise time（χ^2=30.217,P〈0.001）,genetic factor（χ^2=25.771,P〈0.001）,staying up late（χ^2=25.546,P〈0.001）,bad habits of using eyes（χ^2=49.779,P〈0.001）,and using eyes long one-time（χ^2=16.179,P〈0.013）.In addition,not doing eye exercises,using eyes in incorrect ways,and unconsciousness of protecting their eyes were also related to the students＇ diminution of vision.Conclusion There is a phenomenon of college students＇ nearsightedness deepened,and the number of decreased visual acuity is478,constituting 48.23% of the total valid investigated number.The influencing factors include heredity,long eye use,lack of eye hygiene awareness,and less physical exercise time.