星载天线的卷曲柔性结构优化设计仿真

The Optimal Design and Simulation of the Coiled Flexible Structure on a Spaceborne Antenna

可卷曲的柔性天线是一种新型的星载天线,对天线的结构优化设计是满足高收纳比、高形面精度、轻质等要求的保障。优化设计中,将涉及柔性薄板的卷曲非线性变形、薄板变形与刚体运动耦合等动力学难点问题。针对薄板卷曲大变形的问题,基于Kirchhoff假设对非线性问题进行简化,从理论上分析单个柔性薄板卷曲变形的力学特征,得出了适合工程应用的卷曲薄板的应力、应变分布规律。对刚柔耦合多体系统的动力学问题,在ABAQUS中建立了天线原理样机的有限元模型,定义了刚体、柔体之间的连接与接触,利用显式算法准静态仿真非线性的收卷过程,得出了有伸展臂支撑的薄板的应力空间分布特性,印证了周向应力与卷曲曲率的密切相关性。最后,基于ABAQUS显式分析之间的数据传递功能,导入卷曲分析的结果,并重新定义连接器与边界条件,完成了天线准静态展开过程的模拟,天线阵面在伸展臂支撑下可展开为抛物柱面形状。

The coiled flexible antenna is a new structure for spaceborne antenna. The structural optimization is essential for high deployment rate, high surface accuracy and low mass design of the antenna. Complex dynamical problems, such as the nonlinear deformation, the coupling of motion and flexible deformation, are involved in the structural optimization. For the large deformation of a coiled antenna, the mechanical characteristic of a single coiled thin plate was studied based on Kirchhoff hypothesis. A finite element model of the prototype, including the connection and contact properties, was established on ABAQUS platform to simulate the dynamics of the multi - body system. By the explicit analysis of the quasi static coiling process, the stress distribution of the thin plate was achieved, and the connection between circumferential stress and curvature was verified. Finally, based on the interaction between ABAQUS explicit analyses, the results of coiling analysis were imported to deployment analysis, where the connectors and boundary conditions were redefined. The process of deployment was simulated, during which the antenna surface can keep its parabolic feature with the support of masts.