基于不同重合率客车追尾碰撞的仿真研究

Simulation Study of Passenger Car Based On Collision of Different Coinsidence Rate

为了研究不同重合率对客车追尾碰撞车身后部结构和车内乘员安全性的影响,建立了6127型客车40%偏置碰撞和100%重合率客车追尾碰撞有限元模型,分别进行追尾碰撞有限元的仿真计算,对比分析在两种重合率追尾碰撞下车身后部结构的变形、座椅头枕处的加速度、车内假人颈部的损伤值Nkm和后排座椅的位移变化量,发现40%偏置追尾碰撞时的强度小于100%重合率碰撞强度,但40%偏置追尾碰撞导致客车后部的车身变形相对较大,建议用来评价客车车身结构的安全性; 100%重合率追尾碰撞可用来评价车内乘员颈部损伤程度,两种碰撞方式不可相互替代。

In order to research the extent of the impact on the rear of vehicle structure and passenger safety, which based on different coincidence rates in the case of bus rear - end collision, the paper established a finite element model with coincidence rate of 100% and 40% of the 6127 - Type bus, and simulated the rear - end collision situation. Based on the following data, such as the degree of deformation of the rear of the body, the different accelerations of the seat headrest, the damage value Nkm of dummy＇s neck and the displacement change of rear seat, the simulation results show that, in the case of rear collision, the collision strength of 100% collision rate is greater than that of 40% collision rate, and the degree of deformation of the rear of the body of 40% collision rate is larger than that of 100% collision rate. It confirms that the two collisions cannot be substituted for each other.