立足问题,无关中西:在历史的内在脉络中建构的学科——对中国“妇女/性别研究”的思想史考察

An Issue-Based Examination on Chinese Women's and Gender Studies as a Historically Constructed Academic Discipline: A Thoughts History's Perspective

文章从历史的内在视域出发,就gender进入中国的历史进程以及"妇女/性别研究"的命名进行了思想史考察,指出相对西方的同类研究,中国妇女/性别研究"以妇女为中心"、重"社会性别"轻sexuality研究的学科特质,恰恰是90年代的中国学者基于自己的问题意识、为解决自己关切的问题——包括社会问题与理论焦虑,从在地出发的"拿来主义"的策略,是在既有的历史条件下,包括既有理论基础、文化传统、思维结构与问题意识下的创造性运用与转化。文章意在阐明对于学科建设,勿囿于中/西、传统/现代的二元架构,故步自封。真正的文化自信应立足在时在地的问题,从问题出发,在长时段的历史脉络与宽阔的全球视域中理解自己的文化与精神特质,打通古今中西之思想资源,面向未来构建自己的学术真问题,才能走出"本土化"的焦虑,因为一切真问题都是在时在地化的。"本土化"与中—西权力结构中的权力焦虑有关,这一敏感当然需要,甚至必不可少,但不能陷入非此即彼的逻辑困境中而不可自拔。

This article examines the Thoughts development of the Chinese characteristics of the name of the discipline of ‘women＇s/gender studies＇. It suggests that compared to those in the West,women＇s/gender studies in China have specifically focused on‘gender＇and overlooked sexuality due largely to the reason that Chinese scholars in the 1990 s adopted the strategy of ‘borrowing＇so as to address the social issues women faced in China. This borrowing was a creative adoption and translation in the particular historical conditions,which included cultural traditions,thought processes and analysis of issues. This paper argues that a steadfast development of an academic field should not follow a dualism between China and the West,and tradition and modernity,but situate in the local time and space to look into issues in their long term of the historical pulse combined with a global perspective to understand Chinese tradition and culture. This approach is to connect the resources in China and the West,both in the past and today,so as to identify real,localized issues and build authentic academy that is genuinely localized. It should break free from a development that is trapped in an anxiety about power structures between China and the West,which is though inevitable but should not be encompassing.