杀螺胺乙醇胺盐不同“干”施剂型江滩现场灭螺效果

Field molluscicidal effect of water-free formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt against Oncomelania hupensis snails in a marshland

目的了解杀螺胺乙醇胺盐不同"干"施剂型江滩现场灭螺效果。方法选择南京市浦口区有螺江滩为试验现场,分别用杀螺胺乙醇胺盐粉剂、粉粒剂和颗粒剂对有螺环境进行喷粉法灭螺,比较3种杀螺胺乙醇胺盐剂型的现场灭螺效果。结果杀螺胺乙醇胺盐粉剂、粉粒剂和颗粒剂在江滩现场施药后3、7 d,钉螺死亡率分别为66.67%、67.24%、66.87%和75.36%、79.73%、73.97%,差异均无统计学意义(χ~2=0.006、0.895,P均> 0.05);施药后15 d,钉螺死亡率分别为86.92%、72.86%、71.43%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.709,P<0.01),粉剂组钉螺死亡率显著高于粉粒剂组和颗粒剂组。粉剂组钉螺校正死亡率和活螺密度下降率曲线呈稳定上升,而粉粒剂组和颗粒剂组则在15 d时出现下降。结论杀螺胺乙醇胺盐粉剂在江滩现场喷粉灭螺效果较稳定,不同剂型尚需进一步研究完善。

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effects of various water.free formulations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt against Oncomelania hupensis in the field of marshlands along the Yangtze River. Methods The river beach with O. hupen.sis snails were selected as the test field in the marshland along the Yangtze River in Pukou District,Nanjing City. A molluscicid.al experiment was carried out by the mechanical dusting method with the dustable powder（DP）,powder.granule（PG）,granule（GR）of niclosamide ethanolamine salt respectively. The snail mortality,corrected mortality,and the reduced rate of snails＇ density were parallel compared among DP,PG and GR. Results On the 3 rd day after the dusting,the snail mortality rates were 66.67%,67.24%,and 66.87% in the DP,PG,and GR groups respectively,on the 7 th day after the dusting,the snail mortality rates were 75.36%,79.73%,and 73.97% in the DP,PG,and GR groups respectively,and there was no significant difference among the groups（χ^2 = 0.006,0.895,both P〉0.05）. On the 15 th day after the dusting,the snail mortality rates were86.92%,72.86%,and 71.43% in the DP,PG,and GR groups respectively,and there was a significant difference among the groups（χ^2 = 9.709,P〈0.01）. The snail mortality in the DP group was significantly higher than that in the PG,and GR groups.The curves of the snail corrected mortality and reduced rate of snails＇ density presented steadily rising trends in the DP group,but presented falling trends in the PG and GR groups on the 15 th day after the dusting. Conclusions The molluscicidal effect of DP is stable and effective in the marshland along the Yangtze River,but the drift of the powder is still not effectively con.trolled. It is necessary that the different dosage forms are perfected.