村镇银行经营绩效及因子分析--基于通化市7家村镇银行的数据

Performance and Factor Analysis of Village Banks——Based on the Data of 7 Villages Banks in Tonghua

十九大报告中提出,坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战。扶贫、脱贫离不开金融支持,而村镇银行是专门在农村地区设立的主要为当地农民、农业和农村经济发展提供金融服务的银行业金融机构。虽然村镇银行的建立,有效的填补了农村地区金融服务的空白,增加了农村地区的金融支持力度,但是在发展过程中暴露了金融服务偏离三农、业务扩展困难、资产质量下降、盈利水平较低等问题。本文基于吉林省通化市辖区7家村镇银行的调查数据,从盈利能力、资产运营水平、偿债能力和后续发展能力等五个方面选取15个指标,采用因子分析法研究7家村镇银行的经营绩效水平,结果表明,盈利效益性、资本安全性、可持续发展性、资金运行效率是影响村镇银行经营绩效的4个关键性因子,并根据7家村镇银行的综合得分,分析每家村镇银行经营绩效优劣的原因,进而建设性地提出促进村镇银行可持续健康发展的对策和建议。

In the nineteen major reports, we must resolutely win the battle against poverty. Poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation can not be separated from financial support, and rural banks are banking financial institutions set up in rural areas to provide financial services for local farmers, agriculture and rural economic development. Although the establishment of village banks has effectively filled the gap of financial services in rural areas and increased the financial support in rural areas, problems such as deviation of financial services from agriculture, countryside and farmers, difficulties in business expansion, declining asset quality and low profitability have been exposed in the course of development. Based on the survey data of seven village banks in Tonghua City, Jilin Province, this paper selects 15 indexes from five aspects： profitability, asset operation level, solvency and follow-up development ability. Factor analysis method is used to study the operation performance level of seven village banks. The results show that profitability, capital security and cocoa are good. Sustainable development and capital operation efficiency are the four key factors that affect the performance of village banks. According to the comprehensive scores of seven village banks, this paper analyzes the reasons for the performance of each village bank, and then puts forward constructive countermeasures and suggestions to promote the sustainable and healthy development of village banks.