固定化技术提高微生物对土壤中石油烃降解性能研究进展

Research Progress on Microorganism Immobilization Technology for Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil

固定化技术是提高微生物对土壤中石油烃污染降解率的有效途径,综述近年来固定化微生物技术在石油污染土壤修复中应用的基础上,着重分析其作用机理,包括:保护微生物免受不良环境因素的影响,载体的吸附作用与微生物降解作用相协同,提高微生物活性及酶活性,实现多个细胞、多种微生物协同作用,提高氧气传递速率;并综述不同环境下污染土壤相对应的固定化微生物技术改进方案,以为今后微生物固定化技术在土壤污染修复中的应用研发提供借鉴。

Microorganism immobilization technology （MIT） is an effective method to improve the biodegradation of petroleum contamination in soil.The main mechanisms of MIT to improve the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon was analyzed based on the application of MIT on repairing petroleum contaminated soil , which included protecting degradation bacteria from adverse environment, the coordination of biodegradation and adsorption, improving microbial activity and enzyme activity, realizing the collaboration of different cells and microorganisms , and increasing oxygen transfer rate in soil.Furthermore, against soil contamination in different environment,many improvments of MIT were summarized.It can provide a reference for application of MIT .