种植密度对不同甘蓝型油菜农艺性状和产量品质性状的影响

Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Characters,Yield and Quality of Different Varieties of Brassica napus L.

[目的]研究种植密度对不同甘蓝型油菜农艺性状和产量品质性状的影响。[方法]以10个不同的甘蓝型油菜品种为材料,设置3个不同的种植密度,研究种植密度对直播油菜的农艺性状和产量品质性状的影响。[结果]不同品种油菜除分枝数差异不显著外,其余性状差异显著;随着种植密度的增加,分枝数和单株有效角果数显著降低,在13万株/hm^2时最高;千粒重和每果粒数在26万株/hm^2时最高;种植密度对品质无显著影响,主要由品种决定。[结论]在该生态区域内9月下旬播种,种植密度在13万～26万株/hm^2时产量最高;提高油菜产量和品质应主要从品种选育入手,根据品种特性,再集成相应的配套栽培技术。

[Objective] To research the effects of planting density on agronomic characters, yield and quality of different varieties of Brassica napus L. [Method] With 10 varieties of Brassica napus L. as the research materials, 3 different planting densities were desgined, to research the effects of planting density on agronomic characters, yield and quality of different varieties of Brassica napus L. [Result] The agronomic characters varied significantly except the branch numbers. Generally, when the density was 130 000 plants/hm 2, the numbers of branches and effective pods per plant reached the maximum and with the increasing of planting density, they both got reduced;1 000-seed weight and the number of seed per pod got the maximum when the density was 260 000 plants/hm 2. Seed quality characters varied depending on cultivars rather than planting density. [Conclusion] In this eco-region, when the density was 130 000-260 000 plants/hm 2, the yield reached the maximum;cultivar selection was the key to production and quality increasing. Moreover, planting techniques for the corresponding cultivars was important.