热处理对14种抗菌药物抗菌活性的影响

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Antibacterial Activity of 14 Kinds of Antibacterial Agents

[目的]弄清14种抗菌药物的热稳定性,初步评估其耐受渔用药饵制作中热处理的能力。[方法]以大肠杆菌、嗜水气单胞菌、凡隆气单胞菌凡隆生物型、凡隆气单胞菌温和生物型、豚鼠气单胞菌和杀鲑气单胞菌为测试菌,以恩诺沙星、盐酸环丙沙星、氨苄西林钠、氟苯尼考、硫酸新霉素、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲噁唑、磺胺二甲嘧啶、硫氰酸红霉素、交沙霉素、盐酸多西环素、盐酸土霉素、甲砜霉素为测试药物,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定热处理对最小抑菌浓度测定值的影响。[结果]除氨苄西林外,90℃处理10 min或30 min对其他13种抗菌药物的MIC值基本无影响或者影响很小;但100℃10 min处理会导致这些抗菌药物丧失抗菌活性。[结论]采用传统环模制粒加工硬颗粒药饵对上述14种抗菌药物的抗菌活性影响较小。

[Objective] To clarify the thermal stability of 14 kinds of antibacterial agents,and evaluate their tolerance to heat treatment in the production of fishing bait .[Method] Escherichia coli,Aeromonas hydrophila,Aeromonas veronii ssp. Veronii,Aeromonas veronii ssp .Sobria,Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas salmonicida were used as the test bacteria.Enrofloxacin（ENR）,ciprofloxacin hydrochloride（CIP）,ampicillin sodium （AMP）,florfenicol （FFC）,neomycin sulfate （NEO）,sulfamonomethoxine （SMM）,sulfadiazine （SD）,sulfamethoxazole （SMZ）,sulfadimidine （SMD）,erythromycin thiocyanate （ERT）,josamycin （JOS）,doxycycline hydrochloride （DOX）,oxytetracycline （OTC）,thiamphenicol （TPC） were used as test drugs.The effects of heat treatment on the minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）were determined by micro broth dilution method.[Result] Except ampicillin,MICs of other 13 antimicrobial agents were almost unaffected or slightly affected by 10 or 30 minutes treatment at 90 ℃,but those antimicrobial agents lost their antibacterial activity after 10 minutes treatment at 100 ℃.[Conclusion] The traditional ring-mold granulation has little effect on the antimicrobial activity of these 14 antimicrobial agents.