山东口岸进口大豆中苍耳属杂草籽截获及鉴定

Interception and Identification of Xanthium L. in Imported Soybean from Shandong Port

[目的]研究不同进口国大豆中截获的苍耳属杂草籽种类及其鉴别特征,以期对苍耳属的入侵提出防控建议。[方法]通过对2013—2017年山东口岸从巴西、美国、阿根廷、乌拉圭、加拿大5个国家进口大豆批次情况进行比较,进而对各国进口大豆中截获苍耳属杂草籽情况进行统计,分析不同国家进口大豆中截获苍耳属杂草籽的类别、种次和截获率,根据日常检疫鉴定的经验和参考资料对常见苍耳属(非中国种)杂草籽进行鉴定。[结果]2013—2017年山东口岸截获的苍耳属杂草籽主要为北美苍耳、宾州苍耳、刺苍耳、西方苍耳、苍耳属(非中国种)、苍耳、南美苍耳7种苍耳。[结论]汇总了不同进口国进口大豆中苍耳属杂草籽截获情况及4种常见的苍耳属(非中国种)鉴定比较,为苍耳属杂草籽的入侵提出了防控建议。

[Objective]To study the species and identification characteristics of Xanthium L. in soybean imported from different importing countries, in order to provide suggestions for prevention and control of Xanthium L.. [Method] Through the analysis and comparison of the soybean batch conditions imported from 5 countries, such as Brazil, the United States, Argentina, Uruguay, Canada of Shandong port during 2013-2017, the situation of intercepting Xanthium L. in the imported soybeans in various countries was analyzed. The categories, species and intercepts of intercepting Xanthium L. from different countries were analyzed. The common Xanthium L. （non-native species） were identified according to the experience and reference materials of routine quarantine appraisal. [Result] From 2013 to 2017 Xanthium L.in Shandong port was intercepted including X. Chinense, X. Pensylvanicun,X. Spinosum, X. Occidentale , Xanthium L.（non-native species, X. Sibiricum, X. cavanillesii .[Conclusion] The intercepting situation of Xanthium L. in imported soybean from different countries and the identification of four common Xanthium L.（non-native species）were summarized, and the prevention and control suggestions were put forward for the invasion of Xanthium L..