1954～2005年南北疆降水变化特征分析——以莎车县和乌鲁木齐市为例

Analysis on the Variation Characteristics of Precipitation in Northern and Southern Xinjiang from 1954 to 2005——Taking Urumqi and Shache as examples

利用新疆14个气象站点1954～2005年的降水资料,利用Origin9绘制乌鲁木齐(北疆)和莎车(南疆)降水量趋势图以及Suffer8.0以10年为周期绘制南北疆夏季降水量均值等值线图,进而分析南北疆近50年的降水变化特征.结果表明:1)乌鲁木齐降水量高于莎车且夏季降水量最多的月份南北疆相同;2)1980年以后南北疆降水都呈增加趋势,但南北疆降水增长幅度和波动趋势都有很大差异;3)1954～2004年南北疆附近站点降雨量变化状况趋势基本保持一致,均在1975～1985年呈减少趋势,北疆减少程度更大,其他年份降水都呈增加趋势,近50年,南北疆增湿效果显著.

Using the precipitation data from 1954 to 2005 collected by 14 meteorological stations in Xinji- ang and the map of the precipitation trends of Urumai （Northern Xinjiang） and Shache （Southern Xinjiang） drafted with the Origin9 software the and the precipitation isoline map of the summers of Urumqi and Shache in a 10-year cycle with Suffer8.0, thecharacteristics of precipitation changes in the past 50 years in southern and Northern Xinjiang are analyzed. The resuhs show thatthe precipitation in Urumqi is higher than that in Shatu and the monthwith high precipitation in summer is the same in the north and south, after 1980 the precipitation in northern Xinjiang is increasing, but the growth rate and fluctuation trend of precipitation in the north and south are very different, and that the rainfall changes in the vicinity of the northern and southern Xinjiang from 1954 to 2004 are opposite, and the rainfall in southern Xinjiang is less and in the trend of Increasing while the rainfall in the northern Xinjiang is high and in the trend of decreasing.