汉中地区孕妇妊娠晚期B族溶血性链球菌感染率及其对母儿的影响

Infection rate of group B hemolytic streptococcus in pregnant women in Hanzhong area and its effect on mother and child

目的:分析汉中地区妊娠晚期孕妇B族溶血性链球菌(GBS)的感染率及GBS感染对母婴的危害。方法:住院分娩孕周为32～37周的1690例孕妇进行B族溶血性链球菌检测,计算GBS的感染率。将34例GBS阳性者作为观察组,以1︰3配比方式,选取GBS阴性者102例作为对照组,对两组产妇围产期不良后果及新生儿结局进行对比。结果:汉中地区孕妇妊娠晚期B族溶血性链球菌感染率为2.01%。观察组产妇中胎膜早破、早产、产后出血及产褥期感染发生率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而两组在剖宫产率和胎儿窘迫发生情况间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组新生儿窒息率间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组新生儿黄疸及肺炎发生率均明显对照组(P<0.05)。结论:汉中地区孕晚期孕妇的GBS感染率为2.01%;孕晚期B族溶血性链球菌感染可致胎膜早破、早产、产后出血、产褥感染;且产妇感染GBS会增加新生儿黄疸及新生儿肺炎发生风险,因此须做好孕产妇GBS筛查、预防及治疗工作,防止不良孕产结局的发生。

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to analyze the infection rate of group B hemolytic streptococcus （GBS） in pregnant women in the middle of pregnancy and the harm caused by GBS infection to mothers and baby, so as to better prevent GBS infection and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods：B group hemolytic streptococcus was tested in 1690 pregnant women who were hospitalized for 32 to 37 weeks of gestation,and the infection rate of GBS was calculated.34 patients with GBS positive were defined as the observation group, 102 patients with GBS-negative were selected as the control group in a 1：3 ratio, and the adverse outcomes and neonatal outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results：The prevalence of B group hemolytic streptococcus infection in pregnant women in Hanzhong area was 2.01%.The incidence of premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, postpartum hemorrhage and puerperal infection in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （ P 〈0.05）.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of cesarean section and fetal distress （ P 〉0.05）.There was no significant difference in neonatal asphyxia between the two groups （ P 〉0.05）, but the incidence of neonatal jaundice and pneumonia in the observation group were significantly higher （ P 〈0.05）.Conclusion：The prevalence of GBS infection in pregnant women in the second trimester of Hanzhong was 2.01%; late pregnancy B group hemolytic streptococcal infection and premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, puerperal infection; and maternal infection with GBS will increase neonatal jaundice and neonatal pneumonia Risks occur, so maternal GBS screening, prevention and treatment should be done to prevent adverse maternal outcomes.