玉米植质钵育移栽技术田间试验研究

Experimental Study on Transplanting Technique of Corn Plant Field Quality Breeding

为研究玉米植质钵育技术在田间的应用效果,通过玉米植质钵盘移栽与常规玉米直播两种栽培方法,选用高产中晚熟玉米先玉335品种,进行大田栽培对比试验。通过植株的形态指标、生理指标、产量等因素,寻求玉米在植质钵育移栽技术与常规直播两种栽培方式下各项指标的差异。结果表明:纸质钵盘育苗的秧苗P值为0.244明显优于其他钵盘,有利于玉米根系的生长。植质钵育移栽技术能够在前期保持较高的叶面积指数、光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,积累更多的有机物和产生较多的能量。收获后,两种处理方式对土壤养分的缺失无明显差异,植质钵育移栽处理比直播增产25%,每公顷收入1 083元,增收21%。研究结果为玉米植质钵育苗移栽技术研究提供参考。

In order to study the quality of corn transplant breeding technique in the application field,two cultivation methods,the corn plant bowl tray transplanting and conventional maize breeding were used to conduct comparison field experiment by selecting high- yielding,middle or late corn variety Xianyu 335 to investigate the difference between these two planting methods through the morphological index, physiological index,yield and other factors.The results showed that the seedling p value of paper pot tray seedling was 0.244,which was better than other bowl,it was beneficial to the growth of maize root system.The technique of transplanting seedlings could maintain high leaf area index,photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in the early stage and accumulate more organic matter and generate more energy.After harvest,there was no significant difference in soil nutrient loss between the two treatments,the treatment of transplanting with transplanting seedlings increased the yield by 25% and the income was 1 083 yuan per hectare,increased income by 21%.The results could provide reference for the study of transplanting technology of corn seedling.