木府的宗教政策对纳西族文化认同的影响——以社会建构论为分析中心

The Influence of the Mufu'sReligious Policy on the Culture Identity on Naxi Nationality in Ming Dynasty

宗教政策的变化对一个民族的本土宗教形态,该民族成员的文化认同具有深远影响。当外来宗教文化进入,打破原有宗教文化的一元格局,统治者的应对方式直接影响着该民族宗教发展的未来。木氏土司采用的"众神共荣,兼收并蓄"开放性和包容政策,打破了纳西族本土宗教东巴教的独尊地位,纳西族因此得以接受汉传佛教、藏传佛教噶吗噶举派(白教)、格鲁派(黄教)以及道教等,为纳西族日后吸纳汉文化奠定了基础,并使得纳西族弱化了文化民族主义和宗教民族化的倾向,这对当前纳西族的和平发展起到心理上的支撑作用。

Religious policy has a profound impact on the religious changes and the local cultural identity.When a foreign culture comes into the local area and breaks the original unitary structure,which is sole of the indigenous culture,the local people will definitely experience changes of local culture identity and altitude to foreign culture.This paper thinks that in order to meet needs of believers of different religions,the Mu authorities accepted Han culture and Tibetan culture,which allowed the Naxi residents to embrace the Chinese Buddhism,Tibetan Buddhism karma Kagyu （Bai Jiao）,Gelug Sect（Huang Jiao）,and Taoism.This prepared Naxi people for future assimilation of Han culture and patriarchal traditional religion.From this period onwards,the cultural nationalism and religious nationalism have been weakened and the role of psychology of local peace and development can be supported.