市场口罩的过滤特征与舒适性分析

Filtering characteristics and comfort performance of the masks in the market

为探究市场口罩的防霾效果,选取市面上10种不同类别的口罩作为样品,采用Promo 2000光散射粒子光谱仪测试分析10种样品对日常环境空气中固体粉尘颗粒的过滤特征,并对口罩样品的舒适性进行测试.结果表明,环境空气中的固体粉尘颗粒物PM 2.5占99.78%;10种口罩样品中N95口罩和3M口罩对环境空气中粉尘颗粒物的总过滤效率最高,达98.60%和85.15%,其对PM2.5过滤也非常有效,但其舒适性较差.纱布口罩虽然对粉尘颗粒的总过滤效率以及PM 2.5的过滤效果不理想,但其透气性和透湿性最优;功能性口罩以及德国医用口罩的有效过滤粒径范围均在2.5μm以下,但功能性口罩整体的舒适性较差,其设计还有待改进.

In order to investigate the anti-haze effect of the masks in the market, the filtering characteristics of 10 these samples for solid dust particles in daily ambient air were tested by Promo 2000 light scattering particle spectrometer. The comfortableness performance of the mask samples were also tested. The results show PM 2.5 accounts for 99.78% of the solid dust particles in ambient air. Among the 10 kinds of the mask samples, N95 mask and 3M mask possess the highest total filtration efficiency of the dust particles in ambient air, up to 98.60% and 85.15% respectively. Furthermore, they are also very effective in filtering PM 2.5. However, both the two mask samples are less comfortable. Gauze mask E and F have the worst effect on the total filtering efficiency and the filtering efficiency of PM 2.5, but they possess excellent both air and moisture permeability. The effective filtration particle size of the functional masks and German medical mask are all below 2.5 μm. On the whole, the comfortableness of the functional masks is poor, and their design needs improvement.