1939-1941年成都“工合”事业述略

Chengdu Industrial Cooperative Association Development during the Wartime (1939-1941) of China's Resistance War Against Japan

1938年3月,在美国记者海伦·斯若·埃德加和新西兰人路易·艾黎等外国友人的倡议下,经国内各派抗日进步力量的共同努力,同年8月在武汉成立了"中国工业合作社",简称"工合"。为推进与发展后方"工合"事业,"工合"协会于1939年1月在重庆设立了"工合"川康区办事处,1939年2月设立"工合"川康区驻蓉办事处,后又改为成都"工合"事务所。本文以抗战时期成都"工合"为研究对象,浅析成都"工合"兴起的原因,从组社、各社的业务、贷款、技术改进、教育等五方面探讨成都"工合"的发展;从地理位置、组社规模、技术改进等角度分析成都开展"工合"运动的有利条件,进而呈现成都"工合"为抗战所做出的贡献。

Shortly after the outbreak of the Resist -Japan war, Japanese troops had blown up littoral barrier industrial area and threatened the stability of the state. Japan was China＇s coastal blockade wanted to cut off foreign military supplies imported goods. China was a large agricultural country with relatively abundant agricultural resources. Because of the exploitation was handicapped by rural traffic inconvenience and technical conditions at that time and had not yet been exploited. China industrial cooperative association was sponsored by Zealander Louis Eli and The American journalist Edgar Snow since 1938. In the joint efforts of progressive elements, established china industrial cooperative association in Wuhan. China Industrial Cooperative Movement was the save oneself-by-production campaign carried out in the Great Rear Area and Anti-Japanese Bases during the War of Resistance against Japan. Sichuan and Xikang provinces were located in the rear of the war, The Central Government moved west, from Nanjing to Chongqing. Sichuan had the unique geopolitical relations and important strategic position, Besides Sichuan with its vast landmass, large population, beautiful landscape and rich resources, it had a great potential for development. China industrial cooperative association had been opened in Chongqing 1939. Chengdu is a provincial capital, it relates to national strategic position and the level of comprehensive national strength. So China industrial cooperative as-sociation office would open in Chengdu, Feb. 1939. So Chengdu industrial cooperative association office was topics of research in1939-1941, This article explore the significance to develop Chengdu, analyses the reason and put forward the measures to develop industrial cooperative. The last part of the article focus on the reflection of Chengdu industrial cooperative thought based on history and reality.