不同补充方法对维生素D低下孕妇和新生儿的临床观察

Clinical Study on the Effect of Different Supplementation Methods on Pregnant Women and Neonates with Low Vitamin D Level

目的探讨不同补充方法对维生素D低下孕妇和新生儿的作用及安全性。方法选取就诊于本院的90例维生素D缺乏孕妇,将其按数字表随机分为3组,每组30例,Ⅰ组采用晒太阳补充维生素D、Ⅱ组口服维生素D 400单位补充,Ⅲ组口服维生素D 800单位补充,观察与比较三组孕妇晚期的维生素D水平、不良妊娠结局及新生儿的维生素D的水平。结果Ⅰ组孕妇晚期的维生素D水平高于治疗Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组(P <0. 05)。Ⅰ组新生儿维生素D水平恢复高于Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组(P <0. 05)。Ⅰ组先兆子痫、妊娠期糖尿病、细菌性阴道病、早产发生率较Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组,均低于后者(P <0. 05)。结论针对维生素D低下孕妇,增加晒太阳时间对孕妇维生素D的低下有明显改善作用,还能减少相关疾病的发生。

Objective To explore the effect and safety of different supplementary methods on pregnant women and newborns with vitamin D deficiency. Methods 90 pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency were randomly divided into three groups with 30 cases in each group. Vitamin D supplementation was given by sunshine in group Ⅰ and 400 vitamin D supplementation by oral administration in group Ⅱ and 800 vitamin D supplementation by oral administration in group Ⅲ. The outcome of pregnancy and the level of vitamin D in newborns were observed. Results The level of vitamin D in group Ⅰ was higher than that in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The vitamin D level of newborns in group Ⅰ was higher than that in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The incidence of preeelampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, bacterial vaginosis and premature delivery in group Ⅰ was lower than that in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion For pregnant women with low vitamin D, increasing sunshine exposure can obviously improve the low level of vitamin D and reduce the incidence of related diseases.