高原地区上消化道早癌筛查病理诊断的意义

Significance of Pathological Diagnosis of Early Digestive Tract Screening in Plateau Area

目的探究高原地区上消化道早癌的筛查效果与病理特征。方法本次研究的分析对象为我院从2013年至2017年接收并进行筛查的高原地区的胃疾病检查人群中抽取的1368例,并对抽取的对象行胃镜检查与病理组织检查,分析其胃癌早期筛查的效果与意义。结果 1368例高危上消化道疾病患者进行胃镜检查,结果显示,慢性非萎缩性胃炎占53.3%,慢性萎缩性胃炎占19.6%,消化性溃疡占12.5%,反流性食管炎占6.3%,幽门螺杆菌感染占8.3%,其他为少量的胃窦病变以及胃息肉和胃窦白斑等疾病,少量为食管溃疡、胃窦毛细血管扩张和食管静脉曲张等症状。通过胃镜活组织检查炎性改变、萎缩、肠化、上皮内肿瘤、恶化上皮内肿瘤、息肉样增生、胃窦、Barrett食管分别为43.93%、11.77%、2.41%、7.09%、1.17%、12.50%、9.14%、11.99%。结论针对高原地区上消化道病变患者需要及时加强早起癌症筛查,减少胃癌发生率。

Objective To investigate the screening effect and pathological features of upper digestive tract early cancer in plateau area. Methods 1368 cases of gastric diseases were examined from 2013 to 2017 in the plateau area of our hospital, and the results and significance of early screening were analyzed by gastroscopy and pathological examination. Results In 1368 patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases, gastroscopy showed that chronic nonatrophic gastritis accounted for 53.3%, chronic atrophic gastritis for 19.6%, peptic ulcer for 12.5%, reflux esophagitis for 6.3%, Helicobacter pylori infection for 8.3%, gastric sinus disease and gastric polyp and white spot, and a small number of symptoms such as esophageal ulcer, gastric sinus capillary dilatation and esophageal varicose vein. The number of inflammatory changes, atrophy, enterogenesis, intraepithelial tumors, malignant intradermal tumors, pleomorphic hyperplasia, gastric sinus, Barrett＇s esophagus were 43.93%, 11.77%, 2.41%, 7.09%, 1.17%, 12.50%, 9.14%, 11.99%, respectively. Conclusion In order to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer, early cancer screening should be strengthened in high altitude patients with upper digestive tract diseases.