商事信用:商法的内在逻辑与体系化根本

Commercial Credit:Internal Logic and Systematic Foundation of the Commercial Law

商事交易的基础是当事人之间相互信任。一项交易达成、履行与完成的过程,充满着许多不确定性因素,对当事人来说蕴含着交易目的不能实现的风险。完备的信用制度可以减少不确定性,降低交易风险。商事信用是商事活动的根基:一般等价物以及货币的产生基于信用;交易维护信用而形成商事规则;商事信用贯穿商事交易的全过程。商事主体是商事信用制度化的集中体现,是信用主体在商事交易领域的表现形式。商事信用的发展推动着商事主体制度的演进,商事主体制度的构成是由商事信用的需要决定的。商行为是商事信用在商事活动中的外在化,其制度设计直接受到商事信用的影响。商事信用是商法的灵魂,藉此搭建商法"大厦",构建商法的规范性体系,是新时期商事立法的必由之路。

The basis of commercial transactions is mutual trust between the parties. The process of achieving, fulfilling and completing a transaction is full of uncertainties and risk for the parties that the transaction purpose cannot be achieved. A complete credit system can reduce uncertainty and trading risk. Commercial credit is the foundation of commercial activities： universal equivalent and currency generation are based on credit; transactions maintain credit to form commercial rules; commercial rules run through the whole process of commercial transactions. The commercial subject is the concentrated reflection of commercial credit institutionalization, and the manifestation of credit subject in the field of commercial transactions. The development of commercial credit promotes the evolution of the commercial subject system, the composition of which is determined by the demand of commercial credit. Commercial behavior is the externalization of commercial credit in commercial activities, and its system design is directly affected by commercial credit. Commercial credit is the soul of commercial law, and it is the only way for commercial legislation in the new era by constructing the ＂building＂ and normative system of commercial law.