济宁市农村老年人日常生活活动能力与生活方式关系研究

Relationship between the elderly's activities of daily living and their life-style in rural areas of Jining

目的:探究农村老年人群的日常生活活动能力与生活方式的关系,为基层卫生服务机构针对农村老年人实施健康干预措施提供参考。方法:采用横断面研究和多阶段抽样方法对符合要求的1 864名农村老年人进行一般情况、生活方式、日常生活活动能力的问卷调查。结果:农村老年人群日常生活活动能力的受损率为20.2%;单因素分析结果表明年龄、性别、居住方式、文化程度、参加体育锻炼、粮谷类、肉类、水果蔬菜、奶类的食用习惯均对农村老年人的日常生活活动能力产生影响,组间差异均有统计学意义(χ2=464.985、9.972、106.438、101.139、120.648、18.161、53.857、108.847、6.259,均P<0.05));多因素二元Logistic的回归分析结果表明年龄(OR=1.209,95%CI:1.182-1.236)、性别(OR=1.911,95%CI:1.410-2.591)、体育锻炼(OR=0.306,95%CI:0.219-0.426)、水果蔬菜(OR=3.778,95%CI:2.306-6.189)的食用习惯均对农村老年人的日常生活活动能力产生影响。结论:年龄增长、女性、常常食用水果和蔬菜是农村老年人群日常生活活动能力受损的危险性因素,而平时注重体育锻炼可使农村老年人群的日常生活活动能力不容易受损。

Objective To study the relationship between the elderly＇s activities of daily living and their life--style in rural areas, so as to provide references for grassroots healthcare institutes to efficiently improve health intervention among the elderly in rural areas. Methods Cross sectional study and multistage sampling were adopted to conduct questionnaires among 1864 elderly rural residents on general information, life--style and activities of daily living. Results The prevalence rate of the reduced activities of daily living was 20.2% among the elderly in rural areas. Single factor analysis showed that age, gender, residence, education level, physical exercise, cereals, meat, fruit and vegetables, and milk consumption habits were the influence factors on rural elderly people＇s activities of daily living;the differences between groups were statistically significant（x^2 =464. 985,9. 972,106. 438,101. 139,120. 648,18. 161,53. 857,108. 847,6. 259, All P〈0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age（OR= 1. 209,95%CI： 1. 182- 1. 236）,gender（OR=1. 911,95%CI： 1. 410-2. 591）,physical exercise（OR= 0. 306,95%CI：0. 219-0. 426）,eating habits of fruits and vegetables（OR= 3. 778,95 %CI： 2. 306-6. 189）affected the activities of the elderly in rural areas. Conclusions In rural areas increase of age, female, more fruits and vegetables consumption were risk factors of the elderly＇s activities of daily living. However,physical exercise could protect their ability in activities of daily living.