7180例男性服刑人员人格特征分析

Personality traits of 7180 male prisoners

目的:探索监狱男性服刑人员人格特征,分析其影响因素,进一步了解犯罪人格的特点。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,对北京、天津、安徽等7个省市自治区27个监狱的男性服刑人员7 180人进行调查,采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)评定人格特征。结果:男性服刑人员精神质P、神经质N、掩饰性L与全国常模差异存在统计学意义(t=25.473、46.643、-23.636,P<0.05),表现出高神经质、高精神质、低掩饰性。四个人格维度在不同年龄段(F=4.229~127.802,P<0.05)、教育程度(F=3.724~68.840,P<0.05)、犯罪类型(F=6.083~17.691,P<0.05)的男性服刑人员间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:不健全的人格是导致犯罪的重要因素,年龄和教育程度是影响人格的重要因素,可以通过提高教育程度使人格趋于完善,不同的人格特征会诱发不同类型的犯罪。

Objective To explore the personality characteristics of male prisoner and the influence factors,so as to further understand the characteristics of criminal personality.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to investigate 7,180 male inmates in 27 prisons of 7 provinces and autonomous regions such as Beijing,Tianjin and Anhui.Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)was used to assess their personality characteristics.Results There was a significant difference in the psychoticism P,neuroticism N and concealing L between male prisoners and the national norm(t=25.473,46.643,-23.636,P<0.05),showing high neuroticism,high psychoticism and low disguise.Male prisoners of different ages(F=4.229~127.802,P<0.05),education levels(F=3.724~68.840,P<0.05)and types of crimes(F=6.083~17.691,P<0.05)have significant differences in the four personality dimensions(P<0.05).Conclusions Unsound personality is an important factor leading to crime.Age and educational level are important factors that affect personality,which can be improved by further education.Different personality traits may induce different types of crime.