环境规制对中国制造业全要素生产率的影响研究

The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Total Factor Productivity of China’s Manufacturing Industry

中国制造企业在不断参与国际分工的同时出现了污染工序转移的问题。近几年学者们从产业经济发展以及产业效率和政策研究等方面展开中国制造业在环境规制下对产业全要素生产率的影响研究。本文结合基于松弛向量的SBM方向距离函数和Luenberger生产率指标测算了2003-2013年制造业行业的全要素生产率,并采用数据包络分析法进行经济模型的构建与实证。结果表明我国制造业行业生产率整体有效,且新技术的应用是影响生产率的主要因素。而环境规制进一步提升了产业全要素生产率,增强国内制造业的竞争优势。环境规制对不同性质制造行业具有差异化影响,尤其对重污染企业影响明显,利于环保政策的落实,并进一步推动企业革新。

Chinese manufacturing enterprises have been involved in the international division of labor and there has been a transfer of pollution processes. In recent years, scholars have studied the impact of China＇s manufacturing industry on industrial total factor productivity（TFP） in the aspects of industrial economic development, industrial efficiency and policy research. The total factor productivity of the manufacturing industry in 2006-2013 years is calculated by combining the SBM directional distance function and Luenberger productivity index based on relaxation vector. The data envelopment analysis is used to construct and validate the economic model. The results show that the productivity of China＇s manufacturing industry is effective, and the application of new technology is the main factor affecting productivity. Environmental regulation further improves the total factor productivity of the industry and enhances the competitive advantage of the domestic manufacturing industry. Environmental regulation has different effects on different manufacturing industries, especially to heavy polluting enterprises, which is conducive to the implementation of environmental policies and further drag on enterprise innovation.