特殊染色在非临床药物安全性评价中的应用

Application of special staining in nonclinical drug safety evaluation

病理学诊断中特殊染色具有重要的应用价值,通过长期的改进与创新特殊染色能够有针对性地对组织成分进行染色,使组织病理学评价更加完善精确。非临床药物评价中常用的特殊染色法有结缔组织染色的Masson三色染色法、肌肉染色的磷钨酸苏木素染色法、糖原染色的过碘雪夫染色法、脂质类染色的油红O染色法、色素类染色的Masson-Fontana染色法,以及神经组织染色和病理沉着物染色等,综述特殊染色的主要内容及应用中注意事项。

Special staining possesses important application value in pathological diagnosis. Owing to the perennial improvement and innovation of staining methods, special staining has already been used to stain the specific tissue components, which greatly improves histopathological evaluation and makes the results of assessments more precise. Many special staining methods are commonly used in the evaluation of nonclinical drugs, such as Masson trichrome staining of connective tissues, Mallory phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin staining of muscles, periodic acid-Schiff staining of glycogen, Oil red O staining of lipids, Masson-Fontana staining of pigments, other staining of nervous tissues and pathological deposits, et al. This review summarizes the methods and application of special staining.