基于三等效声源模型的高速铁路声屏障降噪效果计算方法研究

A Research on the Calculation Method of Noise Reduction Effect of High-Speed Railway Noise Barriers based on 3 Equivalent Noise Source Model

为提高高速铁路声屏障降噪效果计算的准确度,阐述声屏障插入损失计算方法、声屏障降噪效果空间分布、声屏障降噪效果频谱特征,根据噪声源、声屏障、测点相对位置关系,提出一种计算声屏障降噪效果的三等效声源模型。利用该模型计算的声屏障插入损失频谱特征与实测结果吻合,而且与单等效声源模型相比,不同距离的A计权全频段插入损失与实测值更接近,15m以外误差不到0.6dB。应用三等效声源模型计算声屏障降噪效果,有助于提高高速铁路环境噪声预测准确度,将其作为计算高速铁路声屏障最佳高度的设计依据,可以有效降低高速铁路建设成本。

The 3 equivalent noise source model is proposed to calculate the noise reduction effect of high-speed railway noise barriers to improve the calculation accuracy based on the relative positions of noise source, noise barriers and measurement. The calculation method of noise barrier insertion loss, special distribution of noise reduction effect and the spectrum feature of the noise reduction of noise barriers is expound. The spectrum feature result based on the model is consistent with the tested result. The A-weighted all-band difference is no more than 0.6 dB when the distance is 15 m or further, which is more accurate than that of the single equivalent noise source model. The application of 3 equivalent noise source model makes prediction of the environmental noise more accurate, and it will reduce the cost of high-speed railway construction as the references for optimizing the height of barriers.