低渗高突煤层体系化瓦斯治理关键技术研究

Research on key technologies for systematic control of gas in coal seam having low permeability and high outburst risk

为了解决制约我国煤矿安全高效生产的低渗高突煤层瓦斯治理难题,针对低渗高突煤层瓦斯治理的特殊性和难点,提出低渗高突煤层体系化瓦斯治理概念及科学内涵,凝练出N2泡沫压裂储层改造、定向羽状多分支水平井开采、对接井水力运移卸压开采、条带式井上下联动卸压开采、区域递进式井上下联动抽采、井上下联动抽采系统优化、采掘活动卸压带瓦斯抽采、井下钻-割-压-冲-注一体化瓦斯治理8项关键技术。研究表明：体系化瓦斯治理是保障低渗高突煤层安全开采的一种有效模式,充分考虑和结合煤矿生产特点,根据规划区、准备区、生产区不同阶段任务安排,做好超前规划和有序衔接,是体系化瓦斯治理关键技术最终取得良好瓦斯治理效果的关键。

Gas control is especially crucial in low-permeability and high-explosive coal seams. In order to improve mine safety as well as mining efficiency,based on comprehensive considering the speciality and difficulty of low-permeability and high-explosive coal seams,this paper proposes a systematic governance concept involving 8 key technologies： N2 foam fracturing reservoir reconstruction,directional pin-shaped multi-branch horizontal well mining,butt well hydraulic migration and pressure relief mining,strip-type well up and down linkage pressure relief mining,regional progressive well up and down linkage extraction,well up and down linkage pumping mining system optimization,pressure relief zone gas drainage,and downhole drilling-cutting-pressure-flushing-injection integration. The research shows that systematic gas control is an effective way to ensure the safe mining of low-permeability and high-explosive coal seams,and that comprehensive considering the characteristics of a given coal mine production activity,predictive making plans for different stages and connecting them orderly are the key to the successful implementation of systematic gas control.