水通道蛋白5在过敏性鼻炎黏膜过度表达及其对腺体分泌的影响

Overexpression of aquaporin 5 in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis patients and its effect on glandular secretion

目的探讨水通道蛋白1(aquaporins 1,AQP1)和水通道蛋白5(AQP5)在过敏性鼻炎鼻黏膜的表达。方法采集15例鼻内镜手术患者的鼻黏膜组织,其中9例过敏性鼻炎和6例正常对照。小鼠的鼻黏膜组织来源于过敏性鼻炎模型小鼠(10例)和正常对照小鼠(10例),所有鼻黏膜组织一部分经石蜡固定后用于HE、PAS染色及免疫组化分析,一部分患者鼻黏膜组织提取RNA后用于RT-PCR半定量分析。结果免疫组化染色显示AQP1主要表达在鼻黏膜的血管内皮细胞和结缔组织;AQP5主要表达在鼻黏膜的上皮细胞、基底细胞和腺细胞;且AQP5在过敏性鼻炎(患者42.7±13.2,小鼠14.1±5.3)鼻黏膜的浆液腺表达显著高于对照组(9.3±3.6,3.6±2.5,P<0.01)。RT-PCR结果显示,与正常对照组(0.098±0.03)相比,AQP5的mRNA水平在过敏性鼻炎患者(0.236±0.08)的鼻黏膜表达增加,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.203,P<0.01);而AQP1的mRNA水平在过敏性鼻炎组(0.048±0.032)和正常对照组(0.051±0.024)未见显著差异(t=1.584,P>0.05)。结论 AQP1和AQP 5表达在鼻黏膜不同位置;AQP5在过敏性鼻炎表达增加,与过敏性鼻炎鼻黏膜的浆液腺分泌密切相关。

OBJECTIVE To examine the expression of aquaporin 1（AQP1） and aquaporin 5（AQP5） in the nasal mucosa of the allergic rhinitis patients. METHODS The nasal mucosa was collected from 15 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery, including 9 allergic rhinitis patients and 6 normal controls. The nasal mucosal tissues of mice originated from allergic rhinitis model mice（10 cases） and normal control mice（10 cases）. Some nasal mucosa tissues were fixed by paraffin and used for HE, PAS staining and immunohistochemical（IHC） analysis. Some nasal mucosa tissues were extracted RNA and used for RT-PCR semi-quantitative analysis. RESULTS IHC showed AQP1 was mainly distributed in sub-epithelial vascular endothelial cells（VEC） and connective tissue（CT）. AQP5 was distributed in the epithelial cells, basal cells and mucous gland（GD） cell. The expression of AQP5 in serous glands of allergic rhinitis group（42.7±13.2 in patients and 14.1±5.3 in mice） was significantly higher than that in control group（9.3±3.6, 3.6±2.5, P〈0.01）. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of AQP5 mRNA in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis patients（0.236±0.08） was significantly higher than that of normal controls（0.098±0.03, t =3.203, P〈0.01）, while the expression of AQP5 mRNA in allergic rhinitis patients（0.048±0.032） and nor mal controls（0.051±0.024） had no significant difference（t =1.584, P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION AQP1 and AQP5 were expressed in different sites of nasal mucosa, and AQP5 was increased in allergic rhinitis, which was closely related to serous gland secretion in allergic rhinitis nasal mucosa.