银鲴与似鳊的形态差异及生长参数分析

Morphological variations and growth parameter between Xenocypris argentea and Acanthobrama simoni

为比较银鲴(Xenocypris argentea)和似鳊(Acanthobrama simoni)形态上的差异和生长特征,运用传统形态学方法,对银鲴和似鳊共92尾标本的16个比例性状进行单因素方差分析、主成分分析和判别分析。结果表明:银鲴和似鳊仅在腹鳍基与臀鳍基间距离/体长、背鳍基底长/体长、胸鳍长/体长存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。主成分分析表明银鲴和似鳊之前的前五个主成分能解释68.31%的形态差异,但根据主成分分析散点图显示两者个体间存在交叉重叠,判别分析的综合判别率为83.70%。银鲴体长与体重关系式为W=4×10^(-5)L_(2.8191),R^2=0.9969;似鳊体长与体重的关系式为W=7×10^(-6)L^(3.1881),R^2=0.9615。综合以上结果表明在形态学可量性状上不能明显区分银鲴与似鳊,两种鱼类均表现为正异速生长。

In order to investigate the morphologyand growth difference between Xenocypri sargentea and Acanthobrama simoni, sixteen meristic characteristics were measured for 92 wild individuals of the X. argentea and A. simoniby using One Way Anova, Principal Component Analysis（PCA） and Discriminant Analysis. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the X. argentea and A. simoni in PV/BL, DL/BL and PFL/BL（P〈0.05）. Principal component analysis showed five principal components were extracted and the cumulative contribution rate was 65.96%. However, the PCA scatter plot did not distinguish between the two kinds of fish.The discriminant analysis had a total discriminant rate of 83.70%. The relationship between the body length and the body weight of X. argentea was W=4×10^-5L（2.8191）,R^2=0.9969, and A. simoniwas W=7×10^-6L^3.1881,R^2=0.9615.In conclusion, the meristic characteristics could not clearly distinguish between X. argentea and A. simony, and two species of fish were both allometric growth.