桃金娘花青素和黄酮的提取方法比较及其抗氧化能力研究

Comparison of Extracting Methods for Anthocyanins and Flavonoids of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and Studies on Their Antioxidant Activity

本试验以桃金娘果实为原料,分别采用浸提、微波辅助提取和超声波辅助提取花青素和黄酮,比较其提取效果和提取物的抗氧化活性,并鉴定桃金娘花青素和黄酮成分。结果表明,微波辅助提取法提取桃金娘花青素和黄酮最好,提取量分别达(1 123.9±1.74)mg/100 g DM和(182.01±5.95)mg/100 g DM,所得的提取液DPPH和ABTS+·自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力最强。3种方法提取的花青素含量高低顺序:微波辅助提取法>超声波辅助提取法>浸提法;黄酮含量排序为:微波辅助提取法>浸提法>超声波辅助提取法;DPPH清除能力微波辅助提取法>超声波辅助提取法>浸提法;ABTS+·清除能力:微波辅助提取法>浸提法>超声波辅助提取法。利用高效液相色谱串联三重四级杆质谱(HPLC-Qq Q-MS)从桃金娘果实中鉴定出矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖、芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖和飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖,以及桃金娘果实中主要的黄酮类化合物为7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素、没食子儿茶素、杨梅素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、红桔素和杨梅素-3-O-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷。

The anthocyanins and flavonoids of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa were extracted by different methods such as traditional hot water, microwave assisted and ultrasonic assisted methoed, and their antioxidant activity with the three methods were compared, after the anthocyanins and flavonoids identified. The results indicated that microwave assisted extraction was the best method for the extraction of anthocyanins and flavonoids which reached（1 123.9 ± 1.74） mg/100 g DM and（182.01 ± 5.95） mg/100 g DM respectively, and the extraction showed strongest radical scavenging abilities on DPPH and ABTS＋·. The efficacy order on extracting anthocyanin for three assisted methods was： microwave assisted extraction 〉ultrasonic assisted extraction 〉traditional hot water extraction; The order of flavonoids contents was： microwave assisted extraction 〉traditional hot water extraction 〉ultrasonic assisted extraction; The order of eliminating DPPH ability was： microwave assisted extraction〉 ultrasonic assisted extraction 〉traditional hot water extraction; The order of eliminating ABTS ability was： microwave assisted extraction 〉traditional hot water extraction 〉ultrasonic assisted extraction. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, Peonidin-3-O-glucoside and Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside were identified in Rhodomyrtus tomentosa by HPLC-Qq Q-MS, the main kind of flavonoids were Scopoletin,（-）-gallocatechin, myricetin-3-O-glucoside, tangeritin and myricetin-3-O-furanoarabinoside.