中空型字符对东巴文字序的影响及演变

The Influence of Hollow-typed Characters on the Word Order of Dongba Characters and Their Evolution

东巴经中存在部分字序与语序不对应的情况,除以前曾指出的事理性、伪事理性、语义突出需要以及布局平衡四个原因以外,中空型字符也会影响东巴经中字序与语序的对应。因为在书写东巴经时,经常将相邻字符吸纳到中空型字符的中空处,吸纳多少相邻字符与中空型字符中空的大小有关。中空型字符吸纳相邻字符应与构字中的中空填置型合体字和普通合文区分开来。中空型字符有三种变化情况:一是中空型字符变得不中空;二是中空型字符与其音补符号合成为一个注音式形声字,成为中空填置型合体字符;三是增加音补符号,原中空型字符作用虚化。前两种情况使字序与词序完全对应,后一种情况使字序与词序勉强对应。

In Dongba scriptures,the character order may not correspond to its word order.Besides those four reasons which have been analyzed before,namely rationality,pseudo rationality,highlighting semantics,and layout balance,the hollow-typed character is also a significant factor causing this consequence.During the process of writing,the character neighboring a hollow-typed one usually will be written into the vacant space,and the number of characters written in the vacant space of the hollow-typed ones is decided by the size of vacancy.Additionally,those types of character should be distinguished from hollow-filling multiple-component ones and common combined ones in word formation.Furthermore,there are three changes of the hollow-typed characters： firstly,it changes into a non-hollow character; secondly,it combines with its phonetic complement and forms a phonetic-type pictophonetic character; and thirdly,it fails to function with the addition of the phonetic complement.There is a consistent one-to-one match between the character order and the word order under the former two circumstances; however,they cannot completely correspond to each other in the third situation.