高中生独生与非独生子女父母教养方式、成就动机的差异

A Contrastive Analysis of Parenting Style and Achievement Motivation for High-school Only Children and Non-only Children

目的：探讨高中生独生子女与非独生子女父母教养方式及成就动机的差异。方法：采用父母养育方式评价量表（EMBU）、成就动机量表（AMS）对624名高中生进行调查。结果：独生子女的父亲采取情感温暖理解、偏爱被试的教养方式多于非独生子女的父亲（t=2.30、7.34,P〈0.05）;独生子女的母亲采取过干涉过保护、偏爱被试的教养方式多于非独生子女的母亲（t=2.06,7.35;P〈0.05）;独生子女避免失败因子得分低于非独生子女（t=-2.04,P=0.042）;Logistic回归分析显示,独生子女较非独生子女缺少避免失败的成就动机。结论 ：非独生子女的高中生较少得到父母的偏爱,更能用积极的心态处理失败带来的不良情绪。

Objective：To research the difference between parenting style and achievement motivation for highschool only children and non-only children.Methods：We investigated 624 high-school students by EMBU and AMS.Results：Fathers of only children had mroe emotional warmth and favoritism than those of non-only children（t=2.30,7.34;P〈0.05）;Mothers of only children always showed more excessive intervention,protection and favoritism than those of non-only children（t=2.06,7.35;P〈0.05）;Only children got lower score in failure avoid factor than Non-only Children（t=-2.04,P〈0.05）;Logistic regression analysis showed that：Only children had lower failure avoid achievement motivation than non-only children.Conclusion：High school students who are not the only children are less likely to get parental preference,but will be more able to cope with failures with positive attitude.