低碳专利商业化激励机制研究

Research on restrictive factors,incentive mechanism and institutional innovation of low-carbon patent commercialization

低碳专利商业化,是缓解中国严峻碳减排形势的迫切之举,更是中国实现绿色发展的重要突破点。低碳技术的全球公益性、碳锁定效应、低碳专利权人的互补性资产不足等制约因素的存在,致使自由竞争市场不能为低碳专利商业化提供足够激励。市场机制的失灵,使得制度干预成为激励低碳专利商业化的关键因素。早期申请与早期授权理念贯穿于中国《专利法》的始终,导致中国现行专利制度过分偏重激励专利生产环节,忽视了对后续专利商业化的激励,这种失衡正置中国低碳专利商业化于困境之中。为突破中国低碳专利商业化的困境,应通过融入低碳专利商业化的长效激励机制,变革现行专利制度。

The commercialization of low-carbon patent is an urgent move to alleviate China＇s severe carbon reduction situation,and an important breakthrough point for China to achieve green development.The restrictive factors are found that low-carbon technology has attribute of global public welfare,carbon lockout effect exists,and most low-carbon patentees are lack of complementary assets,which lead to the free competitive market cannot provide sufficient incentives for low-carbon patent commercialization.The failure of the market mechanism makes the system intervention become the key factor to motivate low-carbon patent commercialization.The concept of early application and early authorization throughout China＇s＂Patent Law＂,which has led to China＇s current patent system focusing on motivating patent production links,ignoring the incentive of subsequent patent commercialization.This imbalance makes China＇s low-carbon patent commercialization in trouble.In order to break through the dilemma of low-carbon patent commercialization in China,the current patent system should be reformed through integrating the long-term incentive mechanism of low-carbon patent commercialization.