无烟健康宣教对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者及其家属心理状态、认知行为和社会功能的影响

Effect of Smoke-free Health Education the Psychological State,Cognitive Behavior and Social Function of Patients with COPD and Their Family Members

目的：探究无烟健康宣教对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者及其家属心理状态、认知行为和社会功能的影响。方法：将我院呼吸内科1病区1857例住院COPD患者随机分为观察组（928例）和对照组（929例）,对照组给予常规治疗,在对照组基础上观察组患者及其家属接受无烟健康宣教,比较两组患者及其家属宣教前后心理状态、认知行为和社会功能的变化。结果：3个月后,观察组焦虑、人际关系敏感、偏执、强迫、敌对、抑郁、躯体化、精神病性、恐怖评分均明显低于对照组（t=5.28,3.40,2.33,3.45,3.92,3.70,3.31,3.27,3.22;P〈0.05）;观察组呼吸功能训练（χ~2=14.03,P〈0.05）、治疗依从性（χ~2=10.03,P〈0.05）、COPD认知行为评分（t=2.29,P〈0.05）均明显优于对照组;观察组SF、GH、RP、PF、MH、RE、BP、VT评分均明显高于对照组（t=4.11,4.09,3.28,3.50,2.97,2.29,2.97,3.20;P〈0.05）。结论：无烟健康宣教有助于改善COPD患者及其家属心理状态、认知行为和生活质量,提高患者治疗依从性,最终改善患者病情。

Objective：To explore the effect of smoke-free health education on the psychological state,cognitive behavior and social function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD） and their family members.Methods：A total of 1857 hospitalized patients with COPD in the first ward of respiratory medicine department in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group（ 928 cases） and the control group（ 929 cases）.The control group were given routine treatment while patients in the observation group and their family members,based on the treatment for the control group,were given smoke-free health education.Changes in the psychological state,cognitive behavior and social function of patients and their family members before and after the treatment were compared between two groups.Results：3 months later,scores of anxiety,interpersonal sensitivity,paranoid,compulsion,hostility,depression,somatization,psychoticism and terror in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（ t = 5.28,3.40,2.33,3.45,3.92,3.70,3.31,3.27,3.22;P〈0.05） while scores of respiratory function training,treatment compliance and COPD cognitive behavior in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group（ χ~2= 14. 03,10. 03,2. 29;P〈0. 05）. Scores of SF,GH,RP,PF,MH,RE,BP and VT in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（ t =4.11,4.09,3.28,3.50,2.97,2.29,2.97,3.20;P〈0.05）. Conclusion：Smoke-free health education can improve the psychological state,cognitive behavior and quality of life of patients with COPD and their family members,improve the treatment compliance of patients,and ultimately improve the patients＇ condition.