中职护生领悟社会支持、一般自我效能感与心理韧性的关系

The Relationship Between Perceived Social Support,Self-efficacy and Resilience in Secondary Vocational Nursing Students

目的：调查中职护生心理韧性水平,并探讨它和领悟社会支持、一般自我效能感三者之间的关系。方法：采用领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）和青少年心理韧性量表（RSCA）对1018名中职护理专业学生进行调查。结果：（1）中职护生心理韧性总分为（3.44±0.53）;心理韧性总分在生源地（t=2.113,P〈0.05）、年级（F=10.698,P〈0.001）和学习成绩（F=21.330,P〈0.001）上存在显著差异,但在性别、是否独生子女和是否单亲家庭上差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;（2）一般自我效能感、领悟社会支持总分及各维度和心理韧性总分及各维度之间均存在显著正相关（r=0.138~0.884,P〈0.001）;（3）一般自我效能感在领悟社会支持和心理韧性之间起部分中介作用。结论：中职护生心理韧性处于中等偏上水平,但个体差异大,部分护生韧性水平较低。可以通过加强社会支持、提升自我效能感、心理韧性训练等多种方式,提高中职护生的心理韧性水平,促进心理健康。

Objective：To investigate the level of resilience of secondary vocational nursing students and explore the relationship between resilience,perceived social support and general self-efficacy.Methods：A total of 1018 secondary vocational nursing students were investigated using the Perceived Social Support Scale（ PSSS）,the General Self-efficacy Scale（GSES）and the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents（RSCA）.Results：（1）The overall average resilience score was（3.44±0.53）.There were significant differences in the overall average resilience score between students regarding birthplace（ t= 2.113,P〈0.05）,grade（ F = 10.698,P〈0.001） and academic record（ F = 21. 330,P〈0. 001）,but there was no significant score difference between them in terms of gender,whether they are single children or whether they come from single-parent families（ P〈0.05）.（2） There were significantly positive correlations between general self-efficacy,perceived social support and its three dimensions,and resilience and its five dimensions（ r = 0.138 ~ 0.884,P〈0.001）.（3）General self-efficacy exerted a partial mediating effect between perceived social support and resilience.Conclusion：The level of resilience of secondary vocational nursing students is moderate. It can be improved by enhancing social support,self-efficacy,group counseling and resilience training.