感戴和社会比较倾向在公正世界信念与大学新生主观幸福感之间的中介作用

Mediation and Moderation Effects of Gratitude and Social Comparison Orientation in the Relationship Between Belief in a Just World and Subjective Well-being Among College Freshmen

目的：探讨大学新生公正世界信念对主观幸福感的影响机制。方法：选取T大学入学3个月的大学新生458人作为研究对象,使用公正世界信念量表、感戴量表、主观幸福感指数量表和社会比较倾向量表对被试进行标准化测验,并对数据进行相关分析和构建结构方程模型。结果：大学新生公正世界信念、感戴与主观幸福感两两之间呈显著正相关（r=0.384,0.372,0.414;P〈0.01）。大学新生公正世界信念对主观幸福感有显著的正向预测作用（β=0.606,P〈0.001）,感戴在公正世界信念与主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的27.09%,这一中介作用的前半段路径受到社会比较倾向的调节（β=0.076,P=0.04）。结论：公正世界信念对大学新生主观幸福感的影响是有调节的中介效应。

Objective：To explore the action mechanism of belief in a just world and subjective well-being among college freshmen.Methods：A total of 458 freshmen were assessed with the Belief in a Just World Scale,College Students＇ Gratitude Scale,Subjective Well-being Scale,and Social Comparison Orientation Scale.Data were analyzed by correlation analysis and construction of structural equation model.Results：Significant positive correlation existed among belief in a just world,gratitude and subjective well-being（ r = 0.384,0.372,0.414,P〈0.01）.Belief in a just world had a positive effect on freshmen＇s subjective well-being.Gratitude played partial mediating effect between gratitude and subjective well-being（ β = 0.606,P〈0.001）.Belief in a just world not only had a direct influence on subjective well-being,but also promoted subjective wellbeing indirectly by increasing gratitude,and the mediation effect was 27.09%.The first path of the mediating effect was moderated by social comparison orientation for freshmen（ β = 0.076,P = 0.04）.Conclusion：The effect of belief in a just world on subjective well-being of freshmen is moderated by the mediating effect.