构建“医院-社区-家庭”带病养老模式可行性

Feasibility of Establishing the Hospital-Community-Family Providing for the Aged with Diseases Model

目的：探究基于大型综合医院就诊者心理需求构建＂医院-社区-家庭＂带病养老模式的可行性。方法：按随机数字表法将136例病情稳定、在我院及社区联合登记在册的老年病患者分为观察组和对照组,每组68例。对照组患者出院后接受常规社区-家庭养老,观察组接受＂医院-社区-家庭＂模式养老,分别于出院时及出院6个月时对患者生存质量、自我管理能力、幸福度等指标进行评估。结果：干预后观察组患者在生理职能（t=3.463,P〈0.05）、总体健康状况（t=2.844,P〈0.05）、情感职能（t=2.902,P〈0.05）及精神健康（t=2.878,P〈0.05）等方面显著优于对照组患者;干预后观察组患者自我管理行为中运动锻炼（t=2.582,P〈0.05）、认知性症状管理实践（t=5.424,P〈0.05）、与医生交流（t=6.342,P〈0.05）显著优于对照组;干预后观察组患者总体幸福度评分（t=6.648,P〈0.05）高于对照组,差异具统计学意义。结论：医院-社区-家庭养老模式能改善老年病患者身心健康,提高患者自我管理能力,相比于社区-家庭养老模式幸福度更高。

Objective：To explore the feasibility of establishing the hospital-community-family providing for the aged with diseases based on the psychological needs of patients in large general hospital.Methods：A total of 136 elderly patients registered in the hospital and community in stable condition were divided into observation group and control group by the random number table method,68 cases in each group.The control group was given routine community-family providing for the aged after discharge,while the observation group was given hospital-community-family providing for the aged. The quality of life,self-management ability and well-being rating were evaluated at discharge and 6 months after discharge. Results：After the intervention,the physiological function,general health status,emotional function and mental health of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group（ t = 3.463,2.844,2.902,2.878;P〈0.05）. After the intervention,exercise training,cognitive symptom management practice and communicating with doctors in self-management behaviors of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group（ t = 2.582,5.424,6.342;P〈0.05）,and the overall well-being rating score was higher than that of the control group（ t = 6.648,P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The hospital-community-family providing for the aged model can improve the physical and mental health of elderly patients and improve their self-management ability.The well-being rating of patients is higher than that of patients receiving community-family providing for the aged model.