马克思的历史决定论及其当代价值——兼评卡尔·波普尔的《历史决定论的贫困》

Marx's Historicism and Its Contemporary Value——Also on Karl Popper's The Poverty of Historicism

历史决定论是关于人类社会历史进程受因果性、规律性和必然性支配和决定的理论观点。作为马克思主义认识世界和改造世界的方法论工具,唯物史观是一种科学的历史决定论。面对波普尔等人对马克思及其历史决定论的诘责,我们既要准确把握历史决定论的内涵与外延,针对历史非决定论的主要论点进行有力批驳,又要厘清马克思的历史决定论即唯物史观的本质蕴涵与基本特点,更要在现实语境下深化对中国道路历史必然性的认识。

Historicism is a theoretical position that the historical process of human society is dominated and determined by the law of causality,regularity and necessity. As a Marxist methodological tool to understand and transform the world,historical materialism is a scientific historicism. Facing Popper and others' attack on Marx and his historical determinism,we should strongly refute the main arguments of non-historical determinism on the basis of the connotation and denotation of historicism,while clarifying on and grasping the essential implications and fundamental features of Marx's historicism,that is,historical materialism. Meanwhile,we need to deepen our understanding of the historical inevitability of the China Road in the context of the Chinese conditions.