辛亥革命时期美国对上海公共租界政策论析

Analysis on the U. S. polices toward the international settlement of Shanghai during the period of 1911 Revolution

辛亥革命时期美国对上海公共租界的政策,既是这一时期美国整体对华政策的一部分,也是历史上美国对上海租界政策的延续和发展。探究这一问题,有助于深化和丰富国际交涉视野下的上海租界问题以及辛亥时期的中美关系问题的研究。通过对美国外交档案的解读可以发现,辛亥巨变之际,美国政府指示其驻华代表和其他力量以"维持安全"为由维护其上海租界特权,参与接管会审公廨并借机进一步夺占中国司法主权。在上海公共租界问题上,美国始终是与其他列强密切合作的,体现了维护在华利益是其对华政策始终一贯的根本原则。

U.S.polices toward the international settlement of Shanghai during the period of 1911 revolution are the continuation of its historical polices as well as part of its whole policies toward China of this period.Exploring this issue will be of great help to promote the studies of concessions from a perspective of international contact and enrich researches on the Sino-American relationships in the 1911 Revolution period.From the American diplomatic documents we found that U.S,together with other concerning powers,did a lot to protect their privileges in the name of keeping safety during that period.They took over the Mixed Court of the Chinese government in the international settlement,which seriously infringed China’s judicial sovereignty.Ever since the beginning of the Revolution,the United States cooperated closely with other powers on the issues of Shanghai international settlement,which indicated that to protect its privileges and interests in China was the fundamental principle of U.S.policies throughout the revolution.