北方干旱地区水库突发污染事件应急模拟分析

An Analysis of the Emergency Simulation of the Pollution Incidents in the Northern Arid Regions

北方干旱地区水库承担供水、灌溉、防洪及生态调节等多项功能,故进行水库突发污染事件研究具有重要意义。以汾河水库为载体,结合水库二维水动力-水质耦合模型,采用实测数据对模型进行率定与验证,考虑事件源、排放入口及风的影响,研究不同情景下污染物的扩散情况以及浓度分布规律。结果表明:污染物的扩散路径由风向决定,扩散速率由风速决定,污染物扩散面积、超标面积与风速近似服从线性关系;污染物扩散面积在东侧排放口处最大,北部上游入口大于西部涧河入口;建立汾河水库突发事件应急预估表可对水库突发污染事件进行应急处置。

The Fenhe Reservoir has many functions such as water supply,irrigation,flood control and ecological regulation. It is of great significance to study the emergency environment events of the reservoir. Two-dimensional hydrodynamic combined with reservoir water quality coupling model,the reservoir measured data is adopted to model calibration and verification.The impact of event sources,considered discharge entrances and winds,study the diffusion and concentration distribution of pollutants under different scenarios. The results show that the wind direction determines the diffusion path of pollutants,wind speed determines the rate of pollutant diffusion,diffusion area and excessive area of pollutants with wind speed approximately obey a linear relationship; The discharge range of pollutants at each outlet is the largest in the east,and the inlet at the north upper reaches is larger than the inlet in the western Jianhe. Establishing emergency prediction table can deal with sudden pollution incident in Fenhe Reservoir.