安徽沙坪沟钼矿勘查历程回顾与启示

Review and enlightenment on exploration history of the Shapinggou mo deposit

沙坪沟钼矿位于安徽省金寨县西部,是安徽省地矿局313地质队"十一五"期间在大别山东段发现和探明的一个特大型隐伏斑岩钼矿床。以往工作主要集中在沙坪沟钼矿外围开展铅锌矿勘查,矿体产状陡、规模小,而在盖井隐爆角砾岩体东南侧伏端是否存在斑岩型钼矿化是深部勘查的核心问题。文章回顾了金寨沙坪沟钼矿勘查从矿点检查到钻探见矿的30余年的复杂探索过程。工作方法包括了区域化探、矿区大比例尺化探、地球物理测量以及槽探、钻探,由单一到多种方法综合实施;认识上从最初的中低温热液充填脉状铅锌矿,到发现盖井爆发角砾岩型钼矿化,到最终发现隐伏花岗斑岩体控制的斑岩型矿化。整个探索过程反映了沙坪沟地区多次反复找矿工作的难度,实践—认识—再实践—再认识的必要性,以及重视资料二次开发、综合运用斑岩成矿理论和多种勘查技术的重要性,希望对该地区今后寻找隐伏矿有所启示和帮助。

The Shapinggou molybdenum（ Mo） deposit,located in western Jinzhai County,Anhui Province,is a super large concealed porphyry Mo deposit discovered and explored by No. 313 Geological Party of Anhui Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration during the period of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in the east Dabie Orogenic Belt. It is the largest molybdenum deposit in Asia and the second largest one in the world. The previous works mainly focused on lead-zinc deposit exploration in the periphery areae where the discovered Pb-Zn ore bodies are steep and small. The existence of porphyry molybdenum mineralization in the south side of the Gaijin cryptoexplosive breccias is the key issue needs to be resolved in deep exploration. This paper reviews the complex process of the mineral exploration from the ore spot investigation to the drilling within past more than 30 years in Shapinggou,Jinzhai. Technology,the exploration methods include regional geochemical exploration,large scale geochemical exploration,geophysical measurement,and exploratory drilling and the development from single method to multiple; Cognitively,the exploration focused on epithermal-mesothermal hydrothermal filling vein-type Pb-Zn deposit at the beginning,then on explosive breccia type Mo mineralization,and then on the porphyry type mineralization controlled by buried granite porphyry finally. The whole exploration process reflects the difficulty of the repeatedly exploration works in Shapingou area,and the necessity of the understanding theory of＂practice-cognition--repractice--reucognition＂,and great importance of secondary development on the exploration data,the integrated use of porphyry metallogenic theory and the multiple exploration technologies. We hope that this paper can offer some revelation and assistance for future exploration works on the buried deposits in this area.