注意干预中线索提示的补偿效应

The Compensatory Effect of Cue in Attention Intervention

目的：检验注意过程中的线索提示是否调节其局部干扰效应。方法：采用单目标搜索范式,用E-prime软件自编视空间持续性注意程序,任务包括无提示无干扰、无提示有干扰和有提示有干扰3种条件,对60名大学生进行测试。结果：（1）无提示时,有干扰的反应时（187.98±44.87）比无干扰的（165.84±38.01）显著长（t=4.11,P〈0.01）,这证明了干扰的消极作用;（2）有干扰时,有提示的反应时（163.05±38.63）比无提示的（187.98±44.87）显著短（t=-4.86,P〈0.01）,这证明了提示的积极作用;（3）提示有干扰的反应时（163.05±38.63）与无提示无干扰的（165.85±38.01）无显著差异（t=-0.42,P=0.68）,这证明提示对干扰具有补偿作用。结论：注意过程中存在局部干扰效应和线索提示效应;线索提示可以调节局部干扰效应,体现了线索提示的补偿效应;线索提示对注意干预或训练具有积极启发意义。

Objective：To test whether cue has compensatory effect on the interference with attention.Methods：Anew program was designed with E-prime software to measure the visuospatial sustained attention of 60 college students.Results：（1）The reaction time（RT）with interference（187.98±44.87）was significantly larger than the RT without interference（165.84±38.01）when there was no cue（t=4.11,P〈0.05）,which proved localized interference effect;（2）The RT with cue（163.05±38.63）was significantly smaller than the RT without cue（187.98±44.87）when there was interference（t=-4.86,P〈0.05）,which proved reminding effect of cue;（3）There was not any significantly difference between the RT without cue and disturbance（165.85±38.01）and the RT with cue and disturbance（163.05±38.63）（P〉0.05）,which proved compensatory effect of cue.Conclusion：Interference has a significant effect on attention,but cue can counteract this effect,which is the compensatory effect of cue.It has positive effect on the attention intervention or training.